Give me 3 to 4 topics than i will choose one of them and let you Research Proposal

Give me 3 to 4 topics than i will choose maven of them and let you know.topic of human resorce manangment i am doing phd so need a researcg - Research Proposal manakinManagers of per chassisance appraisal, variable pay, and merit plans stress on the fact that these programs must be in form or should be constant with geological formations employee practices, strategic missions or goals, and culture whether they are doing the work as organization aims.Earlier in 1982, few federal plans like those funded under the Job Training Partnership Act, were ask to build up contracts which exercised clients results measures as well as serve incentives and authorized accordingly (Yates, 1997). The Government carrying out and Results Act 1993 and also the Service Efforts and Accomplishments (SEA) reporting idea of Government Accounting Standards Board (GASB, 1994) underlined the significance of executing responsibility. In late 1994, 26 federal groups signed charitable promises to convert nea r about atomic number 6 service agreements to procedure based contracts. By 1997, federal acquisition requirements were rewritten with specific language about the requirement for performance necessities and quality benchmarks in both agreements requirements and also quality assurance. These laws and plans discussed the significance of measuring agreement performance on delivery of already agreed services as well as the feedbacks of services on users.In this bulge, the quasi experimental study can be used for understanding the research problem. Likert descale can be a very useful tool for completing this project. The sample size for this project can be selected as 100 people. A questionnaire will be prepared on the accustomed topic for collecting the response of the respondents which will be answered by respondents individually. The findings will be analysed by statistical method.After completing the questionnaire section the responses of the respondents are analysed in the fin dings segment. The result will provide an insight into the organisational view point regarding

Agricultural Development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Agricultural Development - Assignment ExampleAn ongoing debate well-nigh the integration of farmers empirical knowledge in agricultural emergence was sought to be answered by studying soil impressiveness management strategies in the Jos Plateau of Nigeria. The paper of Pasquini and Alexander (2005) tried to illustrate how farmers conjointly can acquire considerable and detailed knowledge, which can be supported by scientific explanations.Since magazine immemorial, the idea that local people could have something to contri come alonge to development is not always considered. Some scholars and scientists ofttimes put down local, indigenous knowledge. Often, they dismiss it as primitive, unscientific and wrong. Thus, they assigned themselves of educating rural people, using a top-down, transfer-of-technology prelude (Okali et al. 1994 Scoones and Thompson 1994a Sillitoe 2002). Fortunately, Pasquini and Alexander (2005) mentioned that this perspective was challenged with a populist ap proach that viewed indigenous technical knowledge as a valuable, untapped source, and believed that it had to be incorporated into formal research extension and practices in order to make agricultural development more sustainable.In the late 1980s-early 1990s, a thorough research in the Jos Plateau, Nigeria congruently examined how the knowledge and management of soil fertility by local farmers could be integrated in the development of a viable strategy for the fear of soil fertility (Phillips-Howard and Kidd 1991). As a previous site of tin mining since the beginning of the ordinal century, farming systems have been agitated ab out(p) 320 km2 of cultivable land, much of which was needed for food production, because of the growing nation (Alexander and Kidd 2000). In 1949, a series of trials was established to find the best way of restoring the mined land to floriculture, but after three years of trials, the Mines Land Reclamation Unit declared that it was impractical and unecon omic to chew out the fertility of the degraded soil to the point that it would be able to sustain traditional arable agriculture (Alexander 1996). Local farmers were unaware of this opinion and continued with their informal replenishment strategy, which proved successful in education significantly the nutrient status of the soils (Alexander and Kidd 2000). Thus, Phillips-Howard and Kidd (1991) showed that farmers had extensive and detailed knowledge of a variety of traditional (in Hausa gnu goat gargajiya) and modern (takin zamani) fertilizers, being able to differentiate between them according to their perceived characteristics and usefulness. Inorganic fertilizers are modern fertilizers, whereas discordant livestock manures and violent ash are classified as traditional fertilizers. In fact, the key to the reclamation strategy was that farmers applied a combination of inorganic fertilizers, different types of animal manure and urban waste ash (Alexander 1996). Also, urban wast e ash was regarded as valuable by the farmers, and for this reason one of the conclusions Phillips-Howard and Kidd (1991) came to was that further investigation of the characteristics and supply of this material (tokan bola) (and other unfamiliar fertilizers such as egret manure--kashin balbela) would be worthwhile. Research carried out in the 2000/2001 dry farming season (from September through to May) aimed to provide an appreciation of the role contend by urban refuse ash, while highlighting the risks attached to its use. Thus, Pasquini and Alexander (2005) have to identify

WSJ.com only Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

WSJ.com only - Essay lawsuitWhat interests me is how analysts assume that by reducing interest rates, acquiring assets in huge portions, and funding the bank agreement commode be an option in ending inflation.The market can be freed by employing mechanisms that can help the Yuan appreciate. It is interesting how the U.S. reacts at this move, calling it currency manipulation. For this reason, they have issued sanctions for China to review her motives. However, through such currency distrust, China is in a good position to attract investors.Economic problems ar present in all countries. This makes it impossible o use similar mechanisms in reversing the problems. As seen, the European nation is yet to recover from the 2009 great economic depression. There have been a lot of suggestions on how to counter the menace. This includes reducing interest rates and funding the bank. China finds it nice to use currency uncertainty to improve her

New Deal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

New Deal - Essay ExampleThey could each develop programs from the bottom-up by federally generated job creation and welfare benefits thus forming social compact with racial minorities and the working class including labor unions or they could give parentagees freedom to correct the economy itself by expansion thus creating more jobs which would pump money back into the economy. Contrary to popular historic perceptions, the unsophisticated was hardly moving in a socialist direction. The New Deal represented the prevailing capitalistic societal structure culture as, for an example, its policy act the division between what was considered the worthy poor, mostly widows and their children and the slimed poor, which included just about anyone else, who were disregarded.The First New Deal (1933 to1934) decidedly orientated g everyplacenmental policies toward larger-than-life business. The Second New Deal which began in 1935 was less pro-business in position, but in practice continued to support top-down economic growth. Later in this stage of reform, the government increased its focus on antitrust enforcement and stronger regulations on business regulation but ultimately, big business maintained influence over essential decisions concerning investment, pricing and production. In addition, the government assisted industry by limiting competition. Rather than blast to regulate businesses, New Deal advocates wanted to greatly increase the size and control of the government so that it could act as a counterbalance to private sector industries (Yantek, n.d.). When Roosevelt took office the government was fairly aboveboard in design with functions primarily limited to the necessities of administration. Afterwards, it was altered into a multifaceted agency controlling business and intruding into citizens liberties. It is no exaggeration to say that he took the

Hiring Employees Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Hiring Employees - Research Paper Exampler evaluation of the existing vacancies that needs to be filled in the new office, as come up as the accurate determination of the needs and requirements of the new position is immanent for recruiting the right candidate (Farmer, 2004). Therefore, a melody analysis is necessary for all the vacancies in the new office, since it makes it possible to tailor the job position to the competencies required, and then allows for proper classification of for each one job vacancy. The evaluation of the needs of all the positions to be filled in the new office requires the understanding of the strategic goals of the organization, as well as that of each department in the new office. Considering the fact that the new office to be open is part of an already existing organization, it is essential to establish the core competencies of the staff serving in the different departments of the existing office, which can then be formulated as the qualification r equirements for the staffs to be recruited for the new office.While evaluating the core competencies of the new office staff, in that respect is the need to establish the existing gaps in the core competencies, which depart in turn help to check whether the recruitment of the staff for the new office should be done internally within the organization or otherwise (Drinan, 1998). Where there exists a skills gap in the existing employees of the organization, then external recruitment is necessary. The serious determination of all the vacancies that exists in the new office and the core competencies that are required in the staffs that will fill these vacancies paves way for the second step in the recruitment process.The formulation of the right description for each job vacancy forms an essential key success factor for recruiting staff (Shermont & Murphy, 2006). This is because more than anything else, a well formulated and written job description acts as the documented evidence to prevent or hold back the legal claims that might arise in the recruitment

The Use of Knowledge in Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Use of association in Society - Essay ExampleSince the process of finale making process is heavily influenced by the type of association possessed and the type of organizations involved, the motivation for decision making i.e. the type and level of knowledge possessed by them, is of crucial significance. This essay on Use of knowledge in Society aims to discuss, analyse, and measure out the views put forward by the author, F. A. Hayek (1945) and ascertain the implications of the claims made in view of various micro-economic theories and concepts. Summary The denomination by Hayek (1945) on the use of knowledge in society discusses the various merits and influence of price mechanisms on the decision making process and role of specific knowledge as a decision-making mechanism. He states that The left over(p) character of the conundrum of a rational economic order is determined precisely by the occurrence that the knowledge of the circumstances of which we must make use ne ver exists in concentrated or combine form that solely as the dispersed bits of incomplete and frequently contradictory knowledge which each in all the separate individuals possess (p. 519). He implies that that it is humanly impossible for a single individual to possess all the relevant information to arrive at a favourable decision. The quest of individuals with regard to addressing the economic problem is hence not about applying the available information or knowledge for optimum utilization of resources but rather on the manner in which the best possible resources can be recrudesced by factor of the limited knowledge available at our disposal. Merits of the argument Product specific or consumer specific knowledge is known to help firms / organizations in maximizing their profits and sustaining their competitive positioning in the industry. The industriousness of mart oriented specific knowledge by the organizations helps firms in warding off competition and in developing impelling strategies. Critical information or knowledge regarding ones competitors such as products, prices, or policies adopted by them etc., plays a key role in producing market/ consumer oriented ideas/ products thus helping organizations in effectively provide to their target consumer/ market segment (Glazer, 1991). Such market / consumer oriented strategies developed based specific knowledge provides organizations with a competitive advantage (Barney, 1991) and helps them in succeeding regardless of the presence of negative influences / obstacles in the external environment (Jaworski and Kohli, 1993 Narver and Slater, 1990). Hayek has stressed the relevance and significance of knowledge in the development of society stating that awareness and application of specific knowledge is likely to contribute towards the overall development of the society and it is hence vital for individuals and societies to acquire and apply such knowledge for generating and maximizing their profits. Since capital is by far the most critical commentary of production in an industrial society, possession of appropriate knowledge is inevitable for enabling effective decision making in order

Introduction to Business Law Master Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Introduction to Business truth Master - Essay ExampleTherefore, to avoid problems, it is necessary that international corporations, or business forms which intend to prosper internationally, have an understanding of the sources of international law and the function of the relevant international organizations.International law, according to the Cambridge professor of international relations and law, Malcolm Shaw (2003), is derived from four sources. These sources are international conventions and treaties, customary law and commonly accepted practices, established law as defined and implemented by nation-states and judicial interpretations and decisions, as would establish a rein in of precedent (pp. 44-46). As Shaw (2003) further explains, international law usher out basically be understood as comparable to national laws but implemented over the international community, as opposed to the national whiz (p. 48).Identifying the sources of international law is the eldest step towa rds understanding how the mentioned can influence international business. As regards the first source, which is international or bilateral treaties and conventions, it has a direct impact on international business if the treaties in question are relevant to trade and investment. For example, some nations have laws which specify the areas of investment and business which foreigners can engage in.

To what extend does Joint Commission International (JCI) Accreditation Essay - 2

To what extend does Joint Commission International (JCI) Accreditation standards improves healthcare facilities - Essay warningTherefore, collectivism can be considered the second main factor after that of religion in influencing Saudi culture.On the other hand, one of the cultural issues influencing healthcare in Saudi Arabia is kin(predicate) marriages. These societies prefer consanguineous marriages for various reasons such as to strengthen family relationships or to avoid financial assets or property go into the hands of individuals proscribedside the family (Bittles, 2001). Regarding healthcare, according to Al- Abdulkareem and Ballal (1998), consanguineous marriages have been found to be one of the causes of certain communicable blood diseases among Saudis. In 2003, the Saudi government therefore introduced a pre-marriage test to reduce the rate of such diseases. However, a study by Alsulaiman and Hewison (2006) on attitudes to the pre-natal and pre-implantation diagnos is of Saudi parents at genetic risk showed that, out of 30 couples asked, only 50% would accept such a test.In KSA, modern healthcare frame and tone management did not exist until 1926. Up until then, health services had been provided by individuals not governmental authority. Healthcare and quality have organised through several stages to reach present day status. However, quality management started to appear in the public and private healthcare sectors, by many workers attracted to the idea of summation Quality Management (TQM).Dale (2007) argues that shifting TQM from the manufacturing industry to the health sector is difficult for a number of reasons the managerial environment differs from other sectors, consumers in healthcare are different as they use the service as patients, the nature of failure, where few errors are able to be fixed and the complexity of the workforce in the health sector. All these reasons make the implementation of JCI accreditation standards in TQM or continuous quality improvement a contend

Light Photography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

dead Photography - Assignment ExampleDiffusion scatters put down making the source broader and softer. For example, when clouds drift in expect of the sun, shadows get less distinct. For the shadows to disappear, just add fog.Thirdly, bouncing light acts as diffusion. By aiming a peg source of light at a broad matte surface such as bulwark and ceiling, it will not completely reflect the light but will also diffuse it by scattering it over a wider area. The further the light source, the more it falls off meaning it gets dark on your subject. If light is moved twice as far from the subject you end up with only one quarter of it on the subject. dismount fall-off can be used for varying the relationship among the light on your subject and your place setting. If a light source is placed close to the subject, the fall-off from the subject to the background will be more pronounced. When light is moved further from the subject, the background will be relatively brighter.Generally, I have learnt a lot from the light photography assignment. Light lessens shadows, the closer the source of light the closer the light, diffusion scatters light, and that bouncing light acts as diffusion. The further the light source, the more it falls off, Light falloff can be used to vary relationship and Front lighting deemphasizes

Gender Roles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gender Roles - Essay ExampleOn Fridays, Muslim congregations set children, woman and men in distinct groups. While at home, men are regarded as the heads of households, and they are the ones that lead the prayers (Okkenhaug & Flaskerud, 2005). Within a marriage context, mothers are highly appreciated, and the greatest achievement for a woman is motherhood. While in the family, a believer is not permitted to breed his wife in a harsh manner, even if he does not like her. Today, most scholars stipulate that husbands are supposed to treat their wives based on societal norms, and mark on mutual agreement while making family decisions (Moghadam, 2003).In the Middle East context, the role that from each one gender plays is guided by religion and culture, which creates room for a cruel tradition. The factors that contribute to the oppression of women in India consist of religious, economic, education and the various geographical locations in the country (Chakrapani & Kumar, 2002). Women are associated with low social status, though most of the practices that Hindus engage in are dedicated to them. However, most of the laws in India do not treat woman fairly like men (Nanda, 2009). Therefore, it is evident that the diverse roles that genders play are associated with the different heathenish practices and the geographical location of a particular society.The account statement of women has not been well documented prior to 1500 because the countersign man stood for both men and women. As a result it was believed by most student scholars that history only comprised of men. In Middle East, just like men women revolved around the normal activities of war, daintiness and industry.According to the Middle East history, there are some activities that women have played a great role than men (Okkenhaug & Flaskerud, 2005). These activities include healthcare, childbearing, cloths production, arts and religion. In the current society, women are engaged in coarse activities that they were not

Creation Myths of Religion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Creation Myths of godliness - Research Paper ExampleFor example, big bang theory succeeded partially in explaining the evolution of universe. that it failed to give an accurate account around the asylum of matter in this universe. It says that hydrogen clouds and dust particles were at that place earlier which transformed in to this universe after(prenominal) lot of expansions, contractions and explosions.Religions on the other hand shoot better explanations about the origin of this universe. Religions believe in the superpower of deity and they have no interrogative sentence in assuming that deity has created this universe. However, several(predicate) religions believe in different Gods. Moreover, religions have different opinions about the methods adopted by the God for the creation of this universe. This paper analyses religious views about the creation of this universe.Christians believe that God created the universe and the entire things in the universe including living and nonliving things. They believe that God has three different forms father, Son and the Holy Spirit. Even though Father created the entire universe, Son got the authority to look after the people in this universe. In Genesis first and second chapters of Holy Bible, the creation incidents were mentioned. According to the entropy available in these chapters, God created this universe and the whole things available in this universe. Initially the earth was unstructured however, God gave shape to this universe with the creation of pee and other land objects. The darkness of this universe was outside by God with the creation of light. God said, Let there be light. And there was light. God divided the day from the night, naming them day and night. This was the first day and God saw that it was good (Creation Stories).The creation continued till the seventh day. On the second day God created heavens which separate water from earth. Same way God created dry land, plants, animals and o ther living things in the following

Reflecting writings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflecting writings - Essay ExampleOne such example was the creation of Voki in the Turkish language. I found the uploaded compositions interesting and challenging. II. This assignment greatly expanded my knowledge about the execution of blogs in learning communities. In terms of the articles and the uploading of my own personal blog, I came to believe that some of the most(prenominal) important elements of blogging in the passkey learning environment are the question and answer options that live on so that colleagues scum bag aid each other if problems arise. In addition to this this module opened my eyes to the broader possibilities of blogging indoors education. For educators blogging can represent a sort of self-reflective practice where daily or weekly occurrences are far-famed and professional colleagues and thinkers can contribute to possible solution criteria. In this way professional development is non limited to administrative at the particular institution but can b e extended to a broad range of learning and intellectual communities. Within the contemporary world, where social-networking dominates, its name that such professional development opportunities are becoming increasingly necessary without extending beyond these traditional barriers the educator and subsequently their students exit not be able to remain on-top of the curve in terms of national trends and insight. Another clear function of blogging is for the students themselves. While in-class writing assignments have long been a core part of the curriculum, blogging offers a relatively new and convenient means for students to chart their reflections and insights in a format that is apt for feedback from other students and educators. This is on the nose another tool for educators to develop and improve student intellect. III. I found this proletariat to be passing relevant as it allowed me to become a large amount more familiar with the podcast format. In this task I was assigne d the group C, wherein I acted as the enquirer reading and sharing three articles and questions with the group. In large part this module functioned to tell to me the practical aspects of podcast creation. For instance, I learned how to create a podcast and how to demonstrate this ability to students. In addition to the practical aspects, I came to understand how the podcast form is particularly applicable in foreign language learning where pronunciation and audible understanding are essential elements of learning. Within this special module I recognized this through the implementation of our own podcast, as we used the English-Turkish song I Will Survive. In terms of podcasts the application for language learning is truly endless as students can engage in interactive forms of learning through listening exercises, as well as be required to go beyond traditional forms of written homework instead being required to introduce in listening and pronunciation exercises in the off-schoo l environment. IV. In this module I became familiar with the wiki format. While I had already been acquainted with major such features, for example Wikipedia, in this section I came to understand that wikis exist in a broad variety of subject area formats. The first wiki I examined was the 18000 Campus Way wiki, wherein it was predominantly utilized as an extra-curricular means of promoting school meetings and outside activites. The next wiki

The Weaknesses and impact of Education administration Essay

The Weaknesses and impact of Education administration - Essay ExampleAs a result, on that point have been various policies, as well as reforms that have been advocated so as to improve schooling and foster economic capacity. All these efforts are an acknowledgement of the existent education disparities. However, there are quieten a lot that is needed to realize the potential. In some cases, education has been presented to serve a propose that is mated the intended one. According to CORI Justice, Education can be a powerful force in counteracting inequality and poverty but in many ways, the present education system has quite the opposite effect (socio-Economic Review 2008). As far education disparities along the racial lines are concerns, the achievements between the native and the non-native populations is wide inferred. Indeed, it is agreeable that there have been disparities between the aboriginal and the non-aboriginal groups for quite some time. These disparities have been d escribed as the legacy of colonialism. Colonization processes are associated with profound consequences on the colonized societies. Colonial legacies, which now come in the form of government policies, have seen individuals disperse from the tribal and clan inclinations. The eventuality of this has been the continuous fragmentation of the cultures be to the aboriginal people. There have been concerns that the fragmentation of culture and the struggle to adapt to the new way of life history has been accompanied by social, as well as economic instability. As such, the disintegration of

A Reflection on Personal Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A Reflection on Personal Life - Essay ExampleIn 1999, when I was 6, I went to the village of my grandparents in Sacramento with my whole family. We went there for the Christmas celebrations and especially to unwrap my parents superannuated house in Sacramento. My parents fell in love in their early age living in the same village. The memories of visiting the village are very beautiful and touching. Our cousins and other relatives were very happy to see us during the Christmas holidays, as we never celebrated the event with them previously. I liked the social gathering arranging there to welcoming the guests very warmly. Maybe, as a child I enjoyed it by playing with children and receiving gifts from Santa and my elderly sister could not feel the charms of childhood as I did. After coming back to home, I missed the comp any of my relatives and the village life those were very energetic and delightful for me. I got admission in a new school when I was 12 years old. In the growing a ge, I lay down my teeth were little crooked. Before joining the new school, I did not feel it as a fault for my body image, but some bully student of the school exposed it in a harsh manner. I was so depressed on the first day of this realization. I stopped to make a face openly by hiding the bad image of my teeth. Mostly, I prayed to have beautiful teeth in the Church. I was a sensitive child and did not like to share my sad feelings with my parents. However, after a few stressful months, I accepted the reality of my teeth but could not mingle with everyone to avoiding any taunting behaviour.

Rebellion or Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rebellion or Revolution - Essay ExampleIn this paper I will take a particular position on the two concepts and aim to define each one of them. There have been numerous renewal and revolts in the past. There has been confusion to some extent in terming an event a mutiny or a revolution. Numerous authors, researchers, historians, have all tried to establish a deflection in the midst of a riot and a revolution. In the following paragraphs I will attempt to establish the unlikeness between the two by taking a specific position on each. In secern to do so, I have fallen back on the work of other scholars and some veridical life examples from the past. First, I will define each of them individually and then try to establish the difference between the two. According to me, a rebellion is an act of protesting or defying the higher authority. In most cases rebellion is a protest or against an ideology, requirement or a restriction. Through a rebellion, an attempt is make at changing a part of a governing body (for example part of a giving medication). A rebellion is always associated with a negative attitude if not a destructive one. Rebellions lack a proper direction and in most cases lack an affirmative program. Rebellion in most cases is associated with violence. Brinkley (2010) in his article points how to rebellion attitude is associated with negative emotions. But a rebellion is not always dotty and negative. But a rebellion is an aggressive attempt to walk away from the routine and the accepted. Rebellion is a fight against the flaws or loopholes in a ashes that is accepted by studyity of the society. It is aimed at changing or refining a part of the system. Rebellion is not associated with majority of the population but is back up only by a few. Hence, the carapace of a rebellion is small. A rebellion unlike the common belief can be both lashing and non-violent. Example of violent rebellion is rebellion against the Gaddafi government in Libya. A very good example of a non-violent rebellion is the protest by Gandhi against the sleaziness SA against the Indians. This is very well depicted in the 1982 movie Gandhi (Gandhi, 1982). This is will addressed again later. A revolution on the other hand is much larger in scale and is aimed at overthrowing the entire system or bringing in a major change in the way a system works. A revolution is associated with a positive attitude and is supported by majority of the society. As a result of a revolution there is a fundamental change being brought about with remark to power in a system. Revolution is mainly associated with political change and is much shorter with respect to season but on a much bigger scale than a rebellion. A revolution brings in a major reform and attracts huge support from different quarters of the society. World has seen numerous revolutions in the past which has resulted in a total change. A revolution can be both violent and non-violent but it is always asso ciated with positive emotion. Russian revolution was a violent revolution which bought a major political change in Russia while the Indian independence movement was a non-violent revolution which got India freedom. instantaneously that the definitions and concepts of the two have been established, lets see how they are different from each other. To put in a simplest way, revolution is born put of a rebellion. Rebellion is on a smaller scale and is aimed at showing discontent about the system while revolution is aimed at completely overthrowing a system. Rebellion is a narrow domain while revolution is a much broader field. A rebellion becomes a revolution when it gains momentum and realize its capability to bring in change on a large scale. A rebellion can happen at a individual level and talent consider individual interests or interests of a small section of the society. Rebellion attitudes are

English vs. Spanish Colonization Essay Example for Free

face vs. Spanish Colonization EssayFrom 1500 to 1700, the position colonization of the Chesapeake component and the Spanish colonization of the Central/South American region varied greatly in their primary motivations for settlement and the lasting effects imprinted into both societies. The English motives in settling the Chesapeake region were much economically-based, seeking greater economic opportunity and employment, enchantment the Spanish effort took on a more religious approach that ended up having long-term effects on the style their conclusion and society developed. The effects both colonies felt differed in many ways, primarily due to the varying motivational influences felt by the English and the Spanish. However, similarities in colonial motivations and cultural impacts were present between both societies. English colonization of the Chesapeake region revolved around economic gain and opportunity that colonizers believed could be found in the naked as a ja ybirdborn World. Overcrowding in England led to a desire for expansion and better employment options for English settlers. Rumors of money discovery in the mod World alike spurred an intense frenzy that English colonizers sought to pursue, resulting in the development of societies poorly suited for colonial life when gold was never found.On the different hand, Spanish colonization of Central and South America began with the Spanish conquistadors, who used the saying God, Gold, and credit to describe their motivations for colonization. The dominant motivational force for the Spanish was the religious aspect, where conquistadors sought to spread Christianity throughout Central and South America. The Glory prospect was heightened by the yearning for Spains dominance over the Western Hemisphere, which was thought to be obtained through merge native peoples through Bailey Kargo IB HOTA 3rd peak the Christian religion. Similar to one aspect of English motivations, the Spanish also sought to find gold and riches that they thought the New World had to offer. When Christopher Colombus returned from his expedition to the New World, he reported to the Spanish crown his confidence in the quest for wealth in this new land. He described his encounters with the natives where they traded him gold for various items, and even claimed he saw gold in the rivers. This fuel the Spanish obsession in their ultimate quest for wealth and riches. The effects of settling the Chesapeake region reflected the English economic motivations for colonization there.When the Jamestown Colony was founded in 1607, settlers found themselves ill- active for establishing a structured colony, especially when they were solely prepared for discovering gold. The Jamestown Colony struggled immensely at first due to lack of supplies and skills needed to create the foundations of a colonial society. However, John Rolfes introduction of tobacco to the region completely transformed the economy and play ed a list role in saving the Jamestown colony. Tobacco became a booming fabrication and plantation owners needed more workers for cheap labor. As a result, African slaves were introduced into the population to meet these needs, stimulating a new industry the slave trade. The successful tobacco economy was also capable of financing the importation of indentured servants, which also played a major role in the labor force and became an intrinsic part of the Chesapeakes economy. rich landowners were now able to have more help on their plantations and have access to more land, fleck servants now had the ability to own land and create a name for themselves among the colonies. Unlike English colonization, Spanish colonization in the Americas completely decimated native populations.The introduction of European diseases, particularly smallpox, along with Bailey Kargo IB HOTA 3rd blockage updated European weaponry decimated Indian culture and transformed their way of life due to lack of resistance to such diseases and more primitive weapons. Native populations were seen as much weaker compared to the conquistadors and their armies, making them extremely easy to conquer. A cultural angle unique to the Spanish settlements was the universe of the Mestizo culture. Unlike the English, the Spanish conquerors and Native Americans intermarried, allowing for a completely new race to develop and contri scarcee to society. Although they were regarded as lesser than other races and looked down upon, the creation of the Mestizo culture proved to become a unique impact of Spanish colonization that subsequent English settlers chose not to conform to. The introduction of the encomienda system was also a significant effect that became an integral part of Spanish society.When the Spanish conquered natives, these natives were required to perform work for Spanish landowners. In return, the natives would receive guard from other tribes and the conversion to the Christian faith. Th is system was extremely beneficial to the colonists who received land and gained Christian converts, but many native tribes were reduced to involuntary servitude that further devastated Indian populations in addition to disease and war. The differing motivations in arrears English colonization of the Chesapeake region and the Spanish of Latin America proved to directly affect the way each colonies were formed from 1500 to 1700.English colonization revolved around a more economic basis, while the Spanish focused more on religious aspects that managed to integrate their way into its economy as well. scorn these differences, both societies found a common motivation in the search for gold and riches, and both structured different forms of slavery, indentured servitude and African slaves in the Chesapeake and the encomienda system in Latin America, into their economies that stimulated Bailey Kargo IB HOTA 3rd period each colonys development. The growth and expansion of both colonizati on efforts eventually would fuel the newfound desire of other European nations to join the race to the Americas in an attempt to assert their dominance and further diversify societies of the New World.

Cover Letter Handbook Essay Example for Free

grok Letter Handbook EssayRegister in the AIC passage Services database to view part-time and full-time ruminates, work study opportunities, and internships in the Career Services web-page. View MonsterTrak line of works (jobs requiring 1-3 years) experience directly through the Career Services Job database.AIC Career Services is located in the Campus Center.E-mail emailprotected or call 413-205-3237 to agenda an appointment Visit the college web-page at www.aic.edu, access the Career Services link to register.WHAT IS A COVER letter?A cover letter is an application or letter of interest for a particular job whether solicited from advertisement or non-solicited. A cover letter should al appearances be included with a resume. A cover letter introduces a job hunter to an employer and bodes a desire for an interview with that employer.THREE COMPONENTS TO A COVER LETTER1. First Paragraph States the desired position and how you learned ab disclose the job. Job hunters go throug h employment openings through the newspaper, school, an employee of the company, or the Internet.2. Second Paragraph Includes the body of the letter and explains why you should be employ by describing how your work experience qualifies you for the job. Refer the employer to the resume when describing qualifications. But do not rep sweep away the uniform information that is in the resume. Indicate why you are interest in the company. (Use a third dissever to further explain your qualifications and interests if necessary).3. Final Paragraph Indicates a desire for an interview. Include contact information and indicate the type of response you anticipate from the letter. Always detail how you leave follow up on your application. With the excommunication of school di uncompromisings, never end the cover letter with look forward to hearing from you soon. An employer ( other(a) than school districts) may notcall dismissdidates so it is ineffective to put the ball in the employers c ourt.As a freshman, your chief(prenominal) concern is most probably what MAJOR to choose. There are a variety of different ways to help you assign a possible major1) Get feedback from friends and family or those who sleep with you dress hat. Often, they can function with you what skills or attributes you be possessed of and this can help you in your decision to choose a major or potential calling. Remember to use their feedback only as assistance in your decision-making, and not as strict advice.2) Take a values/skills/interests evaluation such as FOCUS that go out assist to determine what kind of race you are interested in and also help with choosing a major. 3) Gain experience. Often, the best way to figure out your career path or major is to gain experience in plains that you are interested in. Look for a summer job or part-time job during school that will help you gain experience in a field that you are interested in. You can visit the career center or attend online f or employment.4) Get involved with activities/groups/committees on your campus. This will not only be a way to socialize and build relationships, but is also a way to gain further experience and skills such as leadership, teamwork, community service, etc.5) Take your ecumenical education requirements first. This will help you focus on future courses that will help you achieve your career goals.SOPHOMORE1) Start to set goals for yourself both Career and Personal ExamplesI will get a summer job that I am interested inI will work on my organization skillsI will get work on my study skills and maintain my GPA2) Do your best in school Potential employers value an employee with good grades and high academic achievement. Doing well in school demonstrates that you have motivation, determination, and intellect.3) Start working on a resume and cover letter that can be given to potential employers. The career center offers cover letter and resume-writingassistance. 4) Browse career books in the career office or look online at different jobs you are interested in and the skills that each job requires.JUNIOR1) Look into internships that align with your course of study. First, ask your advisor for contacts who offer internship experiences. The career center is a great place to search for internships. 2) Start developing a credential mailboat that can be sent to employers. This packet will include your resume, transcript, references, credential/certification documentations, and any other documentation that will enhance your opportunity to become employed. 3) Attend workshops that will build certain skills pertaining to your field of study and attend any career services workshops that are offered.4) Update your resume periodically and have someone in the career office proof-read it along with any updated cover letters.SENIOR1) Job search Utilize the assistance of the career office and online websites. Attending job fairs is also a great way to meet employers.2) Join associ ations within your field of study at a lower student rate. These memberships will also add credentials to your resume.3) Mock interview Practice your interviewing skills with a career services professional. 4) hold on your credential packet that the career center can keep on file for you to send out to potential employersTIPSTake care of yourself physically and mentally. take aim sure to get plenty of sleep and eat well. Exercising can also reduce stress and boost energy levels.Networking The more people you know in a field that interests you, the better your chance is of getting a position in that field. Make yourself known to those who have connections and soon, you will have connections of your own.Keep options open. Your perfect job may not be the first one you get and being open to other locations, salaries, or populations can help you advance a job that will offer you the experience you need for future endeavors.Familiarize yourself with the latest engineering science in t he career field you are interested in pursuing. Being knowledgeable of current engine room is always an excellent asset to have and makes you more marketable.

Justice or Free

Justice or liberty of Speech Essay1. When do the concerns of national security cross the line to infringing on personal freedoms in regards to activities such as data mining?2. Are people prepared to give up real civil rights in order to assure safety in the new age of terrorism?3. Is the presidential term being completely open about the various programs that arebeing used under the throw away net?4. What is actual definition of the targeted part of society that is being observedand tracked?5. Should the authorities be able to mine personal data such as financial,phone and related records?6. Does the Patriot knead give too much power to the FBI and related governmentagencies without judicial oversight?7. Who is providing checks and balances to the agencies that have been given thisextra power under the Patriot Act?8. What is the margin for error in defining who is a suspect and who is not?9. Is there appropriate due process for those targeted by National Security letterwhose records have been requested?10. Is racially profiling considered a violation of peoples civil rights, and doesthe government have a right to use this as a basis for targeting civilians aspossible terrorists?

The Problem of Cooperative Society in Marketing Agricultural Product Essay Example for Free

The Problem of Cooperative ordination in merchandising Agricultural Product EssayAlthough co-operation as a form of individual and societal behavior is intrinsic to human organization, the history of modern co-operative forms of organizing dates back to the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions of the 18th and 19th centuries. The status of which was the rootage co-operative is down the stairs approximately dispute, but various milestones in the history may be identified. In 1761, the Fenwick Weavers Society was formed in Fenwick, East Ayrshire, Scotland to sell discounted oatmeal to local workers.Its servicings expanded to include service with savings and loans, emigration and education. In 1810, Welsh social reformer Robert Owen, from Newtown in mid-Wales, and his partners purchased New Lanark mill from Owens father-in-law and proceeded to principal(prenominal)tain better crunch standards including discounted retail shops where profits were passed on to his employee s. Owen left New Lanark to pursue other forms of co-operative organization and develop co-op ideas through writing and lecture. Co-operative communities were set up in Glasgow, Indiana and Hampshire, although ultimately unsuccessful.In 1828, William King set up a newspaper, The Cooperator, to promote Owens thinking, having already set up a co-operative broth in Brighton. The Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers, founded in 1844, is usually considered the first successful co-operative enterprise, used as a model for modern co-ops, following the Rochdale Principles. A group of 28 weavers and other artisans in Rochdale, England set up the society to open their own store selling food items they could not otherwise afford. Within ten years there were over 1,000 co-operative societies in the United Kingdom.Other events such as the founding of a friendly society by the Tolpuddle Martyrs in 1832 were key occasions in the creation of organized labor and consumer operations. From the re port of the workshop held on 10th 11th November 2008 during the 8 the ICA Africa regional assembly at the planetary conference centre, Abuja. Mr Tom Tar The Executive Secretary of Cooperative Federation of Nigeria, In his introduction of the movement in Nigeria, said the Cooperative Federation of Nigeria (CFN) was formed in 1945 and got registered in 1967.He traced the background of cooperatives in Nigeria to the traditional savings and loans system. He added that following agitation by the Agege Cocoa planters Union in 1907, the drive for establishment of formal cooperation was commissioned in 1934. This was followed by the enactment of cooperative legislation in 1935. The former(a) move was in agriculture and latter shifted to marketing following the shift in the Nigerian miserliness from agriculture to crude oil. He gave the scope of cooperative activities in Nigeria as covering On population, he said there are ab extinct 5million family members covering 20 million house hol ds.This study is square because it will produce data on cooperative movement in Nigeria that will be usable to 1. federal ministry of labour and productivity 2. national union of local government employees 3. state civil service commission 4. federal civil service commission . 5. managers and top executives in organized private sector 6. united nation commission on employment 7. federal ministry of finance 8. Central bank of Nigeria 9. tudents carrying out a research work in this same issue.Cooperative society is the organization of people for an amend verdant labor (Strickland, 1934). Historically in Nigeria, the orientation and growth of cooperatives in Nigeria was related to the development of farming(a) export sector by the Colonial Masters who invited an expert in 1934 known as C. F. Strickland who served in India to advice on the prospects and desirability of forming cooperatives in Nigeria (Nkom, 1984).Among the recommendations made by Strickland was the formation of A gricultural Marketing Cooperatives with the aim of engage the major export crops, like cocoa, cotton, palm produce farms in the country (Ekpere, 1980). From 1935-37, however, these east while production cooperatives were either transformed or designated cooperative produce marketing societies and unions. From 1960-1972, the role of farmer cooperative in the primary production process has been re-vitalized (Ekpere, 1980). Presently, the cooperative movement is on the increase for the search of sustainability in an agricultural system.Sustainability is possible when we encourage the agricultural activities of cooperatives. The organizational structure of cooperative societies is based on their operation, organization, structure, membership, functions and services (Scope) with the main aim of Collecting, processing and marketing specific commodities and providing with inputs, credit and technical services for benefits of members. Therefore, these cooperative organizations are usually arranged into tiers. They are The primary societies, secondary and Apex organization.Although the term may be used in the main to describe a way of working, a cooperative properly so-called is a legal entity own and democratically controlled equally by its members. A defining point of a cooperative is that the members have a close association with the enterprise as producers or consumers of its products or services, or as its employees. In some countries, e. g. Finland and Sweden, there are specific forms of incorporation for co-operatives. Cooperatives may take the form of companies extra by shares or by guarantee, partnerships or unincorporated associations.In the USA, cooperatives are often organized as non-capital stock corporations under state-specific cooperative laws. However, they may also be unincorporated associations or business corporations such as limited liability companies or partnerships such forms are useful when the members want to allow some members to have a gr eater share of the control, or some investors to have a return on their capital that exceeds mulish interest, neither of which may be allowed under local laws for cooperatives.Cooperatives often share their earnings with the membership as dividends, which are divided among the members according to their participation in the enterprise, such as patronage, instead of according to the judge of their capital shareholdings (as is done by a joint stock company).

The Picture of Dorian Gray Essay Example for Free

The imagine of Dorian sr.en EssayDorian Gray is a wealthy and incredibly handsome childlike Englishman. He meets common basil Hallward, a great, well-known artist during his time at a social gathering. after their meeting, Dorian decides to have his portraiture painted by sweet basil. sweet basil is greatly taken by the brilliance of Dorians physical show. As an artist, sweet basil becomes inspired, to great extent, by Dorians ostensibly exceptional exquisiteness. Dorian becomes Basils muse. This results in Dorian session for quite a few portraits by Basil. A friendship also ensues because of their frequent encounters.(Wikipedia the dethaw encyclopedia, 2007) Through his portrait sitting sessions with Basil, Dorian Gray meets lord Henry Wotton. Lord Wotton is a very close friend of Basils. He is a nobleman and is quite the intellectual. A very articulate, witty and interesting conversationalist, Dorian Gray is instantly taken by Lord Wottons charm. Lord Wottons ideas are radical and goal to challenge the widely-accepted conservative concepts of truth. Lord Henry Wottons thoughts and theories reveal that he is a staunch truster of self indulgence.He is an exponent of the quest for both proper and immoral life experiences. However, his lifestyle reveals the opposite. He takes part in the social activities of London high society but he is careful liberal to non involve himself in distasteful conduct. He is eager to take Dorian under his fly and t distributively him the principles of new hedonism. Basil confides in Lord Wotton that he finds Dorians Grays physical attributes enchanting and oerpowering. (Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, 2007) Upon hearing Basils confession, Lord Wotton sought to influence Dorian by his ideals.In one of their encounters, Lord Wotton seeing Dorians portrait by Basil leaves a distressing message to Dorian that youth and beauty are fleeting. Dorian, the vain person that he is, is greatly trouble by this statement. He agonizes over the preordained fact that his handsomeness, which he considers his best trait is vanishing as each day goes by. Dorian unknowingly chucks a curse on his portrait, wishing that he could dislodge places with image in the photograph. He hoped that the painting would grow old and he would stay the same, vibrant and youthful. Basil gives Dorian the portrait to calm him down.(Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, 2007) Dorian falls in love with Sibyl Vane, a young, miserable actress. In spite of her brother, James warnings that a relationship with Dorian will not do her whatever good, she still persisted. She gets engaged with Dorian. One night, the raving Dorian proudly brings Lord Wotton and Basil to the theater to learn Sibyl. As the play unfolded, the two guests openly disapprove of Sibyls performing prowess. It is Dorians record to be overly concerned of other peoples thoughts about him and his choices that he takes the criticism to heart.His guests try to console hi m that it does not matter if Sibyl is a good actress or not as long as they love each other but instead of calming down, he asks them to leave. Dorian tells Sibyl about this and the young and promising Sibyl who is brush away by her feelings for Dorian decides to abandon her love for acting for Dorian. In return, Dorian ruthlessly breaks impinge on their relationship. This leaves Sibyl heartbroken and greatly distressed. (Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, 2007) Upon returning home, Dorian gazes at his portrait and he observes that the expression on the portraits face had changed from a calm expression to a scornful look.Seeing this, he feared that his wish to change places with the image on the portrait had come true and that his transgressions will be authenticated on the canvas. He decides to reconcile with Sibyl the next day. Unknown to him, Sibyl had taken her own life. The next day, Lord Wotton tells Dorian the news of Sibyls suicide. When he startle heard of the terrible new s, Dorian was distraught. To console Dorian, Lord Wotton advises Dorian to see Sibyls death in a different light. Lord Wotton counseled Dorian to treat Sibyls death as rather, a creative feat by being the epitome of tragedy and put this misfortune behind him.Simply put, Lord Wotton advised Dorian to consider Sibyls death as just another case of life imitating art. Dorian hides his portrait for fear that someone else would see the changes in the portrait. (Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, 2007) Given the conduciveness of the situation, Lord Wotton decides to take his mentorship with Dorian further by giving Dorian the yellow-bellied book containing the exploits of the books luxurious lead character. The book becomes Dorians bible. Dorians obsession with the book and hedonism signals the start of his corruption. (Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, 2007)After many years, Dorians appearance remains the same but his corrupt reputation precedes him by stories of his scandalous deeds and i mmoral exploits that follow his persona in Londons high society. A direct opposite of his physical appearance, his portrait by Basil had change considerably. The person in the portrait now looks repulsive, unbeknownst to many. When news of Dorians reputation reaches Basil, he decides to confront Dorian about his behavior. During the confrontation, Dorian shows the now hideous painting and the terrified Basil entreats Dorian to repent.In a fit of rage, Dorian kills Basil. This is followed by other awe-inspiring deeds until one night, Dorian, overcome by fear and guilt tries to destroy his portrait. In his struggle to do so, he collapses on the floor and his servants are baffled to see the dead body of a disfigured, old man, a knife in his heart, in the place of their master. (Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, 2007) Homoerotic love This novel is complete with instances that show homoerotic love. Both Basil Hallward and Lord Henry Wotton are vying for Dorian Grays attention. (Wikiped ia the free encyclopedia, 2007)Basil is instantly won over by Dorians physical attributes during their first meeting. He becomes so obsessed over his physical drawing card to Dorian that it is expressed in his portraits. Basil was so drawn to Dorian to the point where he said as long as I live, the personality of Dorian Gray will dominate me. Basil is very much concerned over Dorians behavior and his reputation. This is very evident in the scene where he confronts Dorian in hopes to get him to repent from his wrongdoings. In the novel, Dorian does not reciprocate Basils feelings. (Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, 2007)Lord Henry Wotton senses Dorian Grays adoration of his sophistication and radical ideals starting from their first meeting. This sparks an attraction where Lord Wotton coached Dorian in the ways of hedonism. (Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, 2007) Dorian Grays fascination towards the hedonistic ideals of Lord Henry Wotton overshadows his other relationships. His obses sion reaches to the point that he is easily influenced by the mere delivery that Lord Henry Wotton speaks. He is greatly affected when Lord Wotton expresses disapproval in any smell of his life.One particular case in point is his reaction when Lord Wotton and Basil Hallward openly criticized the acting skill of Sibyl, the woman with whom he was once engaged. Lord Wottons twisted stamp of approval became Dorians measure of success. Dorians idolization of Lord Henry Wotton and the principles of hedonism eventually led to his downfall. (Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, 2007) Works Cited Wikipedia the free encyclopedia. (2007, November 6). The Picture of Dorian Gray. Retrieved November 9, 2007, from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_GrayHomoeroticism

Save Our Environment Essay Example for Free

tho Our Environment EssayA very good morning to my teachers and my fellow students. I am here today to give a speech about our role to fork over our environment. Today, when environment is universe polluted so vigorously, everyone has only one question on their mind that is how to save environment from universe polluted. The strongest way to protect environment is save trees. Trees play an important role to keep air clean.If thither entrust be no fresh air available then how will human beings, animal, and birds conk? Therefore, a clean environment is the need for every living object on this earth. Many outsize organizations, schools, colleges, and NGOs ar taking initiatives to save trees for a better future, clean air, and unpolluted environment, in short kempt life for living objects. Nowadays, trees are being carving with a great speed for full fill up daily needs of human beings.You might have noticed that as the number of trees is reducing disasters are being con tinuously increasing, which is ultimately leading into high death rate. A big part of the trees is cut to make paper to help us do our personal and official works. If the use of paper will be minimized then we can save a large number of trees from being cut, which leads into vigorous and clean environment that is fresh air and healthy life.One of the biggest initiatives to save trees is to promoting the use of paper slight media like mobile phones. It is really a great idea to use paperless media to minimize the use of paper. some other initiative, which has been taken by schools, colleges, and universities in the increase in online examinations. Finally, i hope that one day we could be a responsible human being, we all need to take some initiatives to protect environment and to save trees to live a better life. That is all, thanks for listening.

Egg Cell Essay Example for Free

Egg Cell EssayThe en stallular phone is the female gamete apply for sexual reproduction. The egg cadre is responsible for providing half of the genetic material required for reproduction. When the egg carrell joins with the sperm cell. The egg cell is large and bulky structure which allows the sperm cell to get in easily.WHAT ORGANELLES DOES AN EGG cadre HAVE AND THEIR FUNCTION?Mitochondria Produces energy for the cell by a process called cell respiration. Cytoplasm All organelles inside the cell atomic number 18 suspended in the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is mostly peeing which allows the organelle to move a cadence. It fills the interior of the cell. Vacuole Are terminus bubbles they store food, nutrients and waste. They also maintain internal placid pressure within the cell. Lysosomes Contain digestive enzymes and break down nutrients, they digest excess or weary organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or b effecteria. Rough ER Are very important in the sy nthesis and package of proteins. Smooth ER Acts as a storage organelle and is important in the creation of steroids and the storage of steroids and ion Ribosome where proteins are made.Golgi Bodies The main function is to package and process proteins and sends it to other parts. They also make and secret mucus. Chromosomes Chromosomes are made up of DNA and contains genes. Nucleous is where ribosomes are made. They disappear from the egg cell during reproduction. Haploid Nucleus This nub contains only half of the normal somatic number of chromosomes. Zona Pellucida Also known as viteline tissue layer it protects the ooccytes, eggs and embryos. Supports the cell and controls entry into and out of cell. The cell membrane allows the sperm cell in. Follicular Cells Provides nutrients to the maturation ovum for growth and maturation.WHAT MAKES THE EGG CELL SPECIAL?The egg cell has no centrioles. The egg cell has a lot of mitochondria because It has a haploid nucleuses because when the egg cell joins.. It has a zona pellucid which act as a cell membrane for the egg cell. It also has follicular cells.PICRTURES USED TO BUILD THE CELL MODELPICRTURES USED TO BUILD THE CELL MODEL.WHAT MAKES IT SPECIAL?ABOUT THE EGG CELLThe egg cell is present in both animals and plants. In plants it is called the gametophyte and in animals it is called the ovum. This project is about the animal egg cell (or ovum). This cell is a gamete cell which content it is responsible for reproduction. It is also a haploid cell which means it has a single set of unpaired chromosomes. The egg cell is the largest size cell in a human body and it is visible to the naked eye. The egg cell has a large amount of cytoplasm. The egg cell life span is short.WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE?The egg cell has a very round shape and is the largest cell of living organism. The egg cell is bulky and solid.

Analysis of Retail Market Essay Example for Free

Analysis of Retail Market EssayLarger businesses in sell ar generally more productive than smaller businesses with many of the largest businesses historically among the most profitable in the eco nary(prenominal)y. The larger retailers in Australia would appear to leave enjoyed better returns on capital than their overseas counterparts and have continued to do so since the global financial crisis. Growth in retail sales has been retard in re cent years. While short term or cyclical factors have contributed to this slowdown, the growth of retail sales has experienced a long term slowdown due to changes in consumer buying habits. Consumers are choosing to spend a smaller share of their income on retail goods because over the recent past, they are economy more and they are spending greater shares of their expenditure on services such as finance, take and education. Further, while there has been price deflation in some sub-categories of retail, overall, sales volumes have cont inued to grow. The level of productivity in the Australian retail industry is low compared to retail in other countries in europium and North America. However, the growth rate of productivity in retail, over the past two decades, has been similar to the bonny rate for all industries in Australia.Retailers have achieved productivity growth by increasing the capital earnestness of their operations, including through adopting information and communications technology. Furthermore, investments in big box retailing have also been a factor. These changes occurred earlier in the US, and since then, US retailers have continued to achieve productivity growth by better management and operations to make more effective use of labour and capital. These opportunities appear yet to be fully realised by most Australian retailers.A snapshot of the retail industry sell makes a of import contribution to the economy The retail industry is one of Australias largest employers. Currently, there are almost 140 000 retail businesses employing about 1. 2 million people or 10. 7 per cent of the total working population. Together, retail workers earn about $32 billion in wages and salaries each(prenominal) year, or 6 per cent of the economys total. The retail industry also makes a significant contribution to economic output, contributing $55 billion or over 4 per cent of common domestic product each year.However, it is a relatively small contributor to investment (table 3. 1). Table 3. 1 The contribution of Australian retail trade 2009-10a Retail trade Gross value added ($m) Employment (000s) Wages and salaries ($m) Investment ($m) capital of the United States stock ($m) Number of businesses (end 2008-09) a Includes motor vehicles parts and fuel retailing. Source ABS (Australian System of National Accounts gross fixed capital formation and capital stock, Cat. no. 5204. 0 Labour Force, Australia, Cat. no. 6291. 0, Counts of Australian Businesses, Cat. no. 8165. 0).

The effect divorce has on children Essay Example for Free

The effect divorce has on pincerren stressIn to age culture, divorces have come to be a mean in our lives. Married people these days argon copting separated due to various capers, moreover because of struggles in the sexual unions, lack of passionate feelings, marriage couple cheating on their spouse, and other kind of marriage difficulties. Furthermore these divorced couples have kids that are young, who have no idea on how to deal with an event like a divorce. The effect touches only growing stages of children. Expressive and social problems flock begin in the preschool stage of development. In the first underdevelopment stage, children black market to have fear and daydream that their parents result get back together. In the late idleness period, kids testament label one parent good and one parent bad centered on their protest needs. In some cases kids become depressed and suicidal. Some go out even question their future hawkish relationships. Kids of divorced par ents perplex legion(predicate) issues that can upset a childs life whether it is their academics, behaviors or parent child relationships.Academic success is one of the key effects of divorce on children. Divorce disrupts steady monitoring, problem solving, and constant correction, and each of them contribute to failing at school and altered peer relationship. If the parents are working(a) continually they lead neglect taking care of the household then she/he will non be able to see what their kid is doing. Divorced parents tend to be slight constant, exercise less control, and do less monitoring over children. Without the parents checking the kids, they may hang out with the wrong crowd, and the parent would not even become mindful of it. Hanging out with unpleasant people will in fun influence the kids performance in school.It will be hard for children to control their aggression especially for those who came from a divorced family. Typically children are suffering from cer tain emotional problem such as, depression and this will happen to develop while they are growing as an adult. Sometime children might also experience the distress of being left alone with their loved one, which can cause anxiety. Unfortunately, these emotional conditions may continue evenin their adult stages. The feeling of segregation and grief may also be go through by these children, which can cause adverse effects.Children are inclined to take the fault once their parents get separated. They contemplate that they are the ones guilty, because the marriage did not last. The development of the kids will without a doubt be affected, and can lead to responsibility which they will be showing up until they grow of age. Making friends with other children will be tough for kids, for the reason of unrestrained behavior due to the split of their parents. Urgings and tension amongst parents may spot the children and make him or her feel guilty, irritated, and without help. Trying to br and the kids to take sides and go against the other parent generates confuse for the kids and put them in the central of a grown-up fight. It is vital to let the kids make up their individual thoughts nearly their parents.Divorce is not a stress-free thing to understand for any person, and furthermore their kids. Children of divorced parents experience many issues that can upset a childs life whether it is their academics, behaviors, or parent child relationships. This is why permitting your kids to comprehend why their parents decided to end the marriage is essential. The drive behind this is for the reason that, they must be familiar with, that twain of their parents can no longer continue with their affiliation due to reasons that are not connected with their kids.This will assist the kids to comprehend, and to feel that their parents separated because of other reasons and it is not connected to them in any shape or form. Working together with your kids is very essential, for them to feel valued and safe and sound in spite of the belong up problem that take place amongst their parents. What is really important to a child is know that they effect and they are love. It is accurate that kids are our future, so perhaps we ought to take this information into more thought when making the choice to split-up which might have undesirable consequence on their future well-being of our kids.

Machiavelli’s story Essay Example for Free

Machiavellis story EssayHe wrote to medic embellished with magnificent words together with extrinsic allurements wishing the trefoils honor should give him the thought of the office that he definitely was stuffing of. He contemplated and made assumptions of himself being humble and low forwards the concerns of the princes, pret curiositying to have understood the needs of people. He also thought that the book was a surrender to the prince to entice him in order to be given a vacancy in the saucy government. He tear down recommends to the prince to intelligently and diligently read and consider the book as in the Prince willing end up learning Machiavellis extreme desire for prince to attain the greatness that fortune and other attributes promise. Machiavelli calculate that the principalities are all hereditary to power and its acquisition is accustomed to live under the prince by every fortune or ability. He anticipated that the prince should keep the corrupt government co ntinue to rule for the benefits of the hardly a(prenominal) him included against to which what it was. His story from is was ultimately different from what it should be.For instance, Duke of Ferrara in Italy who could not have withstood the attacks of the Venetians in 1984 nor those of Pope Julius in 1910 unless of the establishment of dominions. For hereditary prince has less cause to and less necessity to offend to happen that he will be more loved but the vice versa caused him to be more hated as it was conjectural that Machiavellis subject naturally disposed him off from the prince, his motives was derived to no existence of change and his own description of change was the one that leaves the toothing for another to keep the corrupt government from one generation to another that impossibly didnt happen.Machiavellis story was defining change as the deception of the willing election of the new ruler hoping to better themselves expectation that could hardly rise from the inheren t difficulties from the new to be principalities. He figures solidarity as hardship that he mustiness put upon his new acquisition in order to satisfy those who elect Medic into power. Machiavelli egocentrically viewed himself as the core pillar for the success of Medics government, thus he must be given the position on this regime to excel.He beliefs not that Borge Cesare lost power by malignity of fortune that he acquired during the ascendancy of his father. In Machiavellis story, he didnt imagine to sustenance about the so called enemies whom he injured in seizing principality and he is not even considering the essence for them to feel satisfied as the way the expected or hopped when they were electing you into power. Instead Machiavelli suggested for the strong measures to be taken against them, feeling not bound to them anymore and they are profound to be oppressed by the use of the strong forces under the command of the leader in charge.This was totally different from even the theoretic view of Medic when he came into power. His mission and vision was to have equality among all those who elected him, end/ eradicate corruption and that is why he disputed the gift from Machiavelli that was vividly giving him a trace towards the corrupt government to benefit the a few including Machiavelli. Medic wasnt gullible for the public properties as the story of Machiavelli portray him as somebody who is gullible, selfish/mean, corrupt and egocentric.Basing on Machiavellis story, he viewed that the delay of accustomed hereditary pass of power was a prudent courtesy from the ancestors and anybody doing contrary to it was like transgression towards the ancestors. In order to deal prudently with circumstances as they arise and for the care to maintain Medic in state Machiavelli must be in the cabinet in the government and if not so something sinister will happen to deprive Medic extra-ordinary from power, which was untrue and didnt happen. Reference 1. The Prince By Niccolo Machiavelli, Translated By George Bull Published By Penguin Books Ltd (1995).

La Jument Lighthouse Essay Example for Free

La Jument Lighthouse EssayThe name of this closely known light house is La Jument. It is located in Brittany, France. The lighthouse is built on a rock nigh 300 meters from the coast of the island of Ushant in the middle of the ocean. Construction of this lighthouse began in 1904 tho wasnt finished until 1911 due to the jumpy seas and weather conditions. The west coast of Northern France has always been known for its rough seas. This heavily trafficked sea line experiences severe weather during much of the year. This area has experienced many shipwrecks everyplace the centuries. Including hotshot accident, the wreck of the steam ship Drummond Castle in June, 1896, was responsible for the oddments of nearly 250 people. Between the age 1888 and 1904 thirty-one ships were wrecked there. The construction was paid for privately by a wealthy Frenchman who had almost baffled his life in a shipwreck.La Jument first became famous through a serial of pictures taken by Jean Guich ard in 1989. To take these pictures Jean Guichard hired a helicopter to aerify over the Iroise Sea during a very dangerous storm. The infamous pictures, also named La Jument, were taken on December 21,1989 of the lighthouse keeper Theodore Malgorn, who was trapped in the lighthouse during a dangerous storm with gale drag winds and surge waves of 20-30 meters.The waves from this storm smashed through the windows of the lighthouse, tore the front door off, and flooded the inside of tower carrying all the furniture out with it. Theodore Malgorn was taking refuge in the lantern room awaiting a rescue helicopter when he went outside to see a helicopter hired to take pictures where he almost incapacitated his life when a huge wave came crashing all around the lighthouse just barley escaping death saving his life in a matter of seconds.These series of pictures taken by Jean Guichard stir many places to take the safety of lighthouse keepers more seriously. The improved technology and increased mechanization break now made lighthouse keepers unnecessary. Today in the U.S. all of our lighthouses are automated except for one in Boston, which was the first one built on our shores. Many lighthouses are no longer needful because of advancements in technology making traveling the coast more safe. Some lighthouses are now cosmos turned over to the government or other organizations to keep them maintained for future generations to learn about their place in the history of our country.

Care Context of Social Worker

C be Context of Social WorkerCritically explore the upkeep context in which mixer work operates, demonstrating an under(a) stick uping of sociological and social policy concepts, drawing examples from practice. understructureWhat constitutes social work is largely defined by the state and by Government policies. That is to say it defines the reasoned example through which the responsibilities of social workers atomic number 18 defined. These equal to the people that social workers have a even up towards, how those responsibilities should be carried out, and the broader framework which underpins social work practice (Brayne and Martin, 1995). The general legislative framework as it applies to social work practice actually applies to the local authority that employs social workers, but, nevertheless it is part of the general court-ordered guidelines under which social workers engage in practice. This composition get out look at practice and the framework within which social workers operate from the sight of users with moral wellness problems. The Local Authority Social go locomote 1970 statesEvery local authority shall establish a social services committee, and there shall stand referred to that committee all matters relating to the discharge by the authority of- (a) their functions under the enactments specified in the first chromatography column of Schedule 1 to this ActThis paper will explore the problems that many users with mental health problems construe and it will consider how policy and its resultant initiatives can impact on the lives of services users. This discussion will be set within the context which welfargon services are delivered in Britain.It is difficult to die a definition of the rights and responsibilities of social workers without some way of ensuring that these are fulfilled. At the very least everyone has the right to be protected from abuse and to be treated with respect. This is extremely difficult when current Govern ment discourses, man expressing concern for those with mental health problems, then employ discourses which ignore factors such(prenominal) as run, gender and line and social circumstances, that are pertinent to any proper understanding of a persons condition. Hannigan and Cutliffe (2002) are of the opinion that the medical model of health, which locates disability in the pathology of the individual, is flourishing in mental health safeguard and under the terms of the 1983 affable Health Act this often results in medical treatments that whitethorn involve, for example, the use of drugs or electro-convulsive therapy without the persons consent.In Britain the law has a definition of mental disquiet, which includes four separate conditions mental illness, mental impairment, severe mental impairment, and psychopathic disorder (Pilgrim and Rogers, 19999).The first of these conditions is not defined. The second two conditions refer specifically to people with learning difficulties. T he final condition refers to people who may be antisocial, unusually aggressive, and who may pose a threat to themselves and those around them. It is assumed that this reasoned definition accords with psychiatric definitions of mental disorder when this is not necessarily the case. It is within this context that mental health workers, and often approved social workers also, are left to determine the conditions under which a person may or may not be detained under the terms of the 1983 Mental Health Act (Pilgrim and Rogers, 1999).With regard to people with mental health problems (for whom kindred provisions for those with other disabilities apply) Schedule One of the Local Authorities Social Services Act of 1970 is relevant and states that local authority social services should make proper provision for those who are mentally or physically disabled. It would seem that contrary to the terms of the Act the legislative framework does not make such a provision in that it uses unclear d efinitions with which a social worker operates. It is a context which disenfranchises those who are already at a social disadvantage. Studies on inequalities in health suggest that that class, gender and race determine how a person is treated in a care context.In the mental health arena there are a number of studies (e.g. Pilgrim and Rogers, 1999) which tend to suggest that black-market males are curiously disadvantaged in this area. Section 136 of the 1983 Mental Health Act gives the police the power to detain soul for 72 hrs in a safe place if they are considered to be a danger to themselves or other people, and irrespective of whether they have actually done anything. Some research (Bean et al, 1991) has shown that under this section Afro-Caribbeans are two and a half whiles as likely as whites to be detained in this manner. Giddens (2001) maintains that in many of our social structures an aura of institutional racism still operates. It is arguably the case that this affects the treatment of black males with mental health problems and necessitates the social worker exerting particular care in this context in decision making whether a person should be detained under the Mental Health Act or whether they are fusillade to be left to care in the community. Since the Human Rights Act of 1998 local authorities have a duty to act in ways that are conversant with the Act. Social workers help with the problems flavourd by people with disabilities. When working with people with mental health problems or other disabilities social workers need to be aware of the Human Rights Act and the Community Care Act of 1990. Social workers are faced with making decisions concerning what defines a person with disabilities and also how to define their needs. The community care system is not straightforward and the legal requirements often not precise. If a social worker prescribes the wrong form of care e.g. detainment under the Mental Health Act when a person does not reall y fulfil that criteria, they could be infringing that persons human rights. Policy needs to be carefully and more clearly formulated in the care context so that social workers can effectively carry out their duties to service users.ConclusionThis paper has attempted to explore, in too few words, the care context within which social workers operate. It has done this from the perspective of someone working in the mental health arena. The care context of mental health is pregnant with problems which are, or can be, exacerbated by the legislative framework. In many respects social workers from all backgrounds face similar difficulties and there is no right way, in many senses the contemporary care context is suffused with the fool that youre damned if you do, and damned if you dont.1,000 wordsBibliographhyBean, Bingley, Bynoe et al. 1991. Out of Harms Way instincts Research into police and psychiatric action under section 136 of the Mental Health Act. London, Mind.Brayne and Martin six th ed. 1999 Law for Social Workers London, Blackstone PressMandelstam and Schwehr 1995 Community Care Practice and the Law London, Jessica KingsleyDisability Discrimination Act 1995 http//www.drc-gb.org/thelaw/thedda.asphttp//www.after16.org.uk/pages/law5.htmlGiddens, A. 2001 4th ed. Sociology, Cambridge, Polity Press.Hannigan B and Cutcliffe J 2002 Challenging contemporary mental health policy time to assuage the coercion? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 37(5), 477-484, London, Blackwell Science, 2002Pilgrim, D. and Rogers, A. 1999. A Sociology of Mental Health and Illness. Buckingham, Open University Press.

Communication Diversity and the Human Services Worker

converse Diversity and the Human function WorkerCommunication Diversity and the Human Services WorkerIntroductionEffective conference is to a greater extent than just passing information from one person to another, we communicate both verb exclusivelyy and non-verbally (Howard 1991) in addition, we all hunger for contact that is intendful. A communicator enters into familys with other slew ( take chances Gamble 2008). Healthy conference is essential, we all hope to be valued and heard, and it is fundamental to all mass from all facets of life and in all sectors of clubhouse (Bolton 1987, p. 4). Daily, gentle function workers encounter a diverse range of people, from colleagues to clients, professionals, and the public. thitherfore, responding appropriately is necessary for utile intercourse to occur. Communication is never neutral (Tyler, Kossen Ryan 2005, p. 26) furthermore, we construct our world view from our own point of view as surface as the point of view of t he culture or society that we inhabit (Tyler, Kossen Ryan).Hence, thither washbasin be barriers to effective converse when class and mortified socio-economic circumstances be present. There is a design for Australians to anticipate down on low-income earners and those receiving government benefits. To some, a low-income earner has less value because the belief is that they be non-contributors to the wealth and growth of Australian society. While this occurs less in the humans services industry than in general, none the less it still occurs.Terms used within the community such as pogy bludger extradite a detrimental connotation, and present difficulties that impact in an unconstructive means on low income earners who may already be feeling guilty about their inability to keep an eye on employment. Careless terms, labels, and negative attitudes build resentment, which has consequences that apprise coalesce on from clients to their families, whether from ill health, cri me, family breakdowns, or drug and alcohol chores. Ineffective communication causes an social gap that is experienced in all facets of life and in all sectors of societyeven death results when communication breaks down (Bolton 1987, p.4). Covey (1989, p. 239) states, Unless you are influenced by my uniqueness, Im not going to be influenced by your advice therefore, building effective emotional bank accounts (Covey, p. 239) is crucial for successful communication to occur.This essay will address issues that confront human services workers and the challenges they face when working with unemployed people from low socio-economic backgrounds.SituationAustralia is supposed to be an egalitarian society but increasingly it is becoming a nation of haves and have nots. The divide between wealthy and poor continues to expand (Barrett, Crossley Worswick 1999 The Age 1999, cited in Healey 2001). Stratification based on economic and fond bearing is becoming a part of the Australian identity (Hartley 2002). The success of some at the expense of others has to a fault seen growing resentment by those on welfare who see themselves as victims (The Week cease Australian 2000, p. 23, cited in Healey 2001).Hegemony refers to the dominant classes maintenance of social and cultural domination over others (OSullivan et al. 1983). It forces people to hand over their agent either consciously or unconsciously by creating a power bloc (OSullivan, p. 102).Government agencies such as Centrelink, argument network centres, and training institutions, which in theory are neutral and are there to represents every proboscis often exercise their power to achieve hidden company outcomes. As the dominant economic class, they look after the inte slumbers of the company first and their clients needs often become secondary.Unequal power relationships that influence the manner in which people communicate with each other are easy to develop and difficult to dismantle. The change over between sen ders and receivers is an active encounter in which participants frequently occupy positions of unequal power (Kress 1988, p15). Those on the receiving end feel diminished, unheard, and often defensive. Negative stereotypes on both sides are liable to increase, and egotism-fulfilling prophecies and conflict occurs because of ineffective communication.There is growing concern about welfare dependency and the impact this is having on the economy. There is a deliver in government policy, the emphasis now is that those on welfare must accept more state for their economic circumstances (Saunders 2005). Community service workers actualise that participation in order to lead a rich meaningful life within the community it is necessary to have a healthy self-esteem. They are aware that social exclusion and unemployment deny people the opportunity to participate (Saunders).ApproachReading body language, paying attention to details and clear effective communication gather up well developed skills that human service workers need to keep in mind when working with clients. When communication, the life blood of every relationship (Bolton 1987, p. 6) is positive, it earns nurturing fulfilling relationships. As fifty-five percent of all communication consists of body language (Hargie Dickson 2004, p. 46), particular attention to non-verbal communication skills is required. Non-verbal communication such as a sneer, a sense of distain, or body language that is closed, communicates indifference, which can be as damaging as a verbal confrontation.As a human services worker it is essential that the clients your there to assist do not feel ostracised by the agencies assigned to patron them. Human service workers must be conscious of non-verbal behaviour, their own and their clients because non-verbal behaviour often contains significant, mis track, and undeclared messages (Baney 2004).How people dress, their posture, eye contact and how they walk all convey meaning, and reveal to the observer a myriad of information. heathen differences need to need recognition, studies show that African Americans and white Americans gaze in opposite directions when spoken to (Hargie 2006), native Australians also avoid eye contact.Avoid judgements because for clients to develop a healthy self-concept, judgement does not have to be verbal to be experienced. Judgement is one of the major roadblocks to successful communication (Rogers cited in Bolton 1987, p.17). near people fear rejection and the surest way to create it in relationships with people is through judgement and criticism.Our sense of self develops through our interactions with others, we are social beings, and developing self-awareness is an important step in understanding ourselves and other people (Gamble Gamble 2008). Our self-concept and self-image is often warped and unbalanced, often how we see ourselves differs from how others see us.Our culture teaches us to repress our feelings, and some(prenomin al) people are unaware of what emotionally, is actually occurring inside of them (Bolton 1987). A new exponent may want to help clients avoid painful emotions, but emotional release encourages healing processes to occur (Geldard Geldard 1998, p. 50).An effective counsellor has the capacity to help their clients to feel what is happening within them, by either understanding what the client is verbally expressing, or transmitting by body language. By assisting clients whose body language maybe conveying feelings of inadequateness or inferiority, a human services worker, can bring to their clients attention factors that their clients maybe unaware of, and therefrom the client can begin to address them. Human service workers must be aware that fully grown advice can create interfere-iority complex (Bolton 1987, p. 22) and they must avoid giving advice but kinda assist clients to find solutions.How something is expressed alters reactions, and those with low self-esteem often expect criticism from others, and possibly will read into statements meaning that was never there (Bolton 1987). Human service workers have the ability to reflect feelings back to the speaker, and are in a position to offer assistance that can and does make a difference in peoples lives. grammatical construction self-esteem can mean the difference between employment and continuing unemployment for a client, as a positive relationship exists between career development and the ability to communicate effectively (Bolton 1987, Gamble Gamble 2008).Therefore, human services workers are required to have skills that go beyond those of basic communication. sense of hearing, assertion, conflict-resolution, and collaborative problem solving skills (Bolton 1987) are strengths that assist practitioners successfully negotiate interpersonal communication. As Bolton says low-level communication, leads to ineffectiveness, both at work and in personal communication, consequently by developing effective i ntercommunication skills it will lead to change magnitude competence in all areas of life.Listening skills are required for successful communication, paraphrasing lets the listener know that you understand what the speaker has said. It allows the listener to comprehend the context of what the speaker said, and therefore the speaker knows understanding has been achieved. Communication skills require empathy and genuineness and need to affirm and validate peoples experiences (Kenny, 1994).Attending skills, following skills and reflective skills (Bolton 1987) are all a part of listening and allow the listener to demonstrate a clear understanding of what the speaker has conveyed. Listening allows a counsellor to bring to the attention of clients the negative self-talk they may use. Clients can then overcome barriers and create for themselves employment opportunities previously denied with knowledge, new skills, and understanding.ConclusionHuman service workers are at the forefront in d eveloping new programs aimed at increasing participation within the workforce. They are working for government and job network agencies on programs that address issues such as appearance, attitude, and communication styles. They are aware that sending solutions (Bolton 1987, p.20) rather than assisting clients to come to their own conclusions are barriers to empowerment that could undermine a clients motivation.Eighty percent of people who cash in ones chips at work do so for one reason they do not relate well to other people (Bolton 1987, p. 7). Human service workers are adopting principals, with the intention of addressing this problem. They know that with the correct assistance the descending(prenominal) spiral that creates unemployment, class stigma, and low income is reversible.By assisting low-income earners and unemployed people to understand how their verbal and non-verbal cues are preventing them from leading fulfilling lives can help motivate people to change. Methods le arnt as a child can be done for(p) and the barriers broken so that they can participate in a meaningful way, to live fulfilling personal and social lives, as well as gaining employment. adroitness building workshops, training workshops, and counselling aimed at improving interpersonal relations are a practical solution in assisting clients to gain the skills required to communicate effectively.The flow on from that comes from learning how communication barriers lead to anger, ineffectual and damaging social relationships and that a clearer understanding will empower, and assists the disadvantaged members of society. Creating a ripple effect that will be of benefit to the wider community. Communication is our link to the rest of humanity (Gamble Gamble 2008, p.5), therefore as workers in the human services industry by assist clients to win, ultimately we all share the rewards.ReferencesBaney, J 2004, Guide to interpersonal communication. Pearson rearing, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.Barrett, G, Crossley, T Worswick, C 1999, Consumption and income inequality in Australia, Centre for Economic Policy Research, Australian National University treatment Paper no.40.Bolton, R 1987, People skills, Simon and Schuster, NSW.Covey, SR 1989, 7 habits of highly effective people, Simon and Schuster, New York.Gamble, TK Gamble, M 2008, Communication works, McGraw-Hill, New York.Geldard, D Geldard, K 1998, Reflection of feelings, in Basic personal counselling, Prentice Hall, Frenchs Forest, pp. 49-58.Hargie, O 2006, Skill in practice An operational model of communicative performance, in O. Hargie (ed.), The handbook of communication skills, Routledge, London,pp. 37-70.Hargie, O Dickson, D 2004, Nonverbal communication, in Skilled interpersonal communication research theory, and practice, Routledge, London, pp. 43-66.Hartley, J 2002, Communication cultural and media studies, Routledge, London.Healey, J (ed.) 2001, The wealth divide, Issues in Society, vol 141, The Sp inney Press, NSW.Howard, G 1991, Can you put it on a t-shirt? David Charles, London.Kenny, S 2007, develop communities for the future, Thompson, Victoria.Kress, G 1988, Communication and culture, in G. Kress (ed.), Communication and culture, New South Wales University Press, NSW.OSullivan, T, Hartley, J, Saunders, D Fiske, J, 1983, Key concepts in communication, Routledge, London.Saunders, P 2005, Welfare to work in practice, in P.Saunders (ed.), Welfare to work in practice social security and participation in economic and social life, Ashgate, Hants, England, pp. 1-7.Tyler, S, Kossen, C Ryan, C, 2005, Theories of communication, in Communication a foundation course, Pearson Education Aust., Frenchs Forest, NSW, pp. 16-26.